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48. Hannmgton-Kiff JG Absent thigh adductor reflex in obturator hernia Lancet 1:180, 1980

49. Hollmshead WH Anatomy for Surgeons, Ed 3, Vol 3, The Back and Limbs Harper & Row, New York, 1982 (pp 700–701)

50. Jonsson B, Steen В Function of the gracilis muscle Aii electromyographic study Acta Morphol Need Scand 6 325–341, 1966

51. Kellgren JH Observations on referred pam arising from muscle Clm Set 3 175–190, 1938 (seep 186)

52. Kelly M Some rules for the employment of local analgesia in the treatment of somatic pam Med J Austral 1:235–239, 1947

53. Kelly M The relief of facial pain by procaine (Novocain) injections J Am Geriatr Soc 11:586–596, 1963

54. Kim SM, Park CH, Gartland JJ Stress fracture of the pubic ramus m a swimmer Clm Nucl Med 12:118–119, 1987

55. Kozlowski JM, Beal JM Obturator hernia an elusive diagnosis Arch Surg 112:1001–1002, 1977

56. Lange M Die Muskelharten (Myogelosen) J F Lehmanns, Munchen, 1931 (p 157, Fig 52)

57. Larneu AJ, DeMarco SJ 111 Obturator hernia report of a case and brief review of its status Am Surg 42:213–211, 1976

58. Leivseth G, Torstensson J, Reikeras О Effect of passive muscle stretching in osteoarthritis of the hip Clm Sci 76:113–117, 1989

59. Lewit К Manipulative Therapy m Rehabilitation of the Motor System Butterworths, London, 1985 (pp 138, 282)

60. Lockhart RD Living Anatomy, Ed 7 Faber & Faber, London, 1974 (Figs 114–117)

61. Long С 11 Myofascial pain syndromes, part III — some syndromes of the trunk and thigh Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull 4:102–106, 1956

62. Lyons К, Репу J, Gronley JK, et al Tim mg and relative intensity of hip extensor and abductor muscle action during level and stair ambulation Phys Ther 63:1597–1605, 1983

63. Mann RA, Moran GT, Dougherty SE Comparative electromyography of the lower extremity in jogging, running, and sprinting Am J Sports Med 14:501–510, 1986

64. Markhede G, Stener В Function after removal of various hip and thigh muscles for extirpation of tumors Acta Orthop Scand 52:373–395, 1981

65. Martin NC, Welch TP Obturator hernia Br J Surg 61:547–548, 1974

66. McMinn RMH, Hutchings RT Color Atlas of Human Anatomy Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, 1977 (p 245)

67. Ibid. (pp. 264, 270).

68. Ibid. (pp. 275, 277).

69. Ibid. (pp. 28 L 282).

70. Ibid. (pp. 306, 307).

71. Mailer Mt Ekstrand J, Oberg B, et al: Duration of stretching effect on range of motion in lower extremities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 66:171–173, 1985.

72. Netter FH: The Ciba Collection of Medical Illustrations, Vol. 8, Musculoskeletal System Part I. Anatomy, Physiology and Metabolic Disorders. Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Summit, 1987 (p. 81).

73. Ibid. (p. 83).

74. Ibid. (p. 84).

75. Bid. (p. 86).

76. Ibid. (p 87).

77. Ibid. (p. 90).

78. Ibid. (p. 91).

79. Ibid. (p. 94).

80. Ibid. (p. 107).

81. Ozburn MS, Nichols JW: Pubic ramus and adductor insertion stress fractures m female basic trainees-Miltt Med 146:332–333, 1981

82. Pavlov H: Whai is your diagnosis? Contemp Orthop 10:75–78, 1985

83. Pavlov H, Nelson TL, Warren RF, et al: Stress fractures of the pubic ramus. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 64:1020–1025, 1982.

84. Perry J-The mechanics of walking. Phys Ther 47:778–801, 1967,

85. Rasch PJ, Burke RK. Kinesiology and Applied Anatomy, Ed. 6 Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1978 (pp. 276–278, 282, 309)

86. Reynolds MD: Myofascial trigger point syndromes in the practice of rheumatology. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 62:111–114, 1981.

87. Rischbieth RH-Genito-femoral neuropathy Clin Exp Neurol 22:145–147, 1986,

88. Rohen JW, Yokochi C: Color Atlas of Anatomy, Ed. 2. Igaku-Shom, New York, 1988 (p. 416)

89. Ibid. (p. 417).

90. Ibid. (p. 420).

91. Rold JF, Rold BA: Pubic stress symphysitis in a female distance runner. Phys Sportsmed 14:61–65, 1986.

92. Saudek CE: The hip, Chapter 17. In Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, edited by J, A. Gould III and G J Davies, Vol. II. С. V. Mosby, St. Louis, 1985 (pp. 365–407, see pp. 389, 404).

93. Simons DG: Myofascial pain syndrome due to trigger pomts. Chapter 45. In Rehabilitation Medicme, edited by Joseph Goodgold. С V. Mosby Co, St. Louis, 1988 (pp 686–723) (see pp. 709–711, Fig. 45-8D)

94. Simons DG, Travell JG: Myofascial pain syndromes, Chapter 25. In Textbook of Paint edited by P D Wall and R, Melzack, Ed 2 Churchill Livingstone, London, 1989 (pp, 368–385) (see p. 377).

95. Somell A. Ljungdahl I, Spangen L: Thigh neuralgia as a symptom of obturator hernia Acta Chir Scand 142:457–459, 1976.

96 Stedman’s Medical Dictionary, Ed. 24 Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1982 (p. 608).

97. Travell J. The adductor longus syndrome. A cause of groin pain; Its treatment by local block of trigger areas (procaine infiltration and ethyl chloride spray). Bull NY Acad Med 26:284–285, 1950.

98. Travell J: Symposium on mechanism and management of pain syndromes. Proc Rudolf Virchow Med Soc 15:126–136, 1957

99. Travell J, Bigelow NH Role of somatic tngger areas m the patterns of hysteria. Psychosom Med 9:353–363, 1947.

100. Travell J, Rmzler SH: The myofascial genesis of pain Postgrad Med 11:425–434, 1952

101. Travell JG, Simons DG: Myofascial Pam and Dysfunction: The Trigger Pomt Manual. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1983

102. Weber EF Ueber die Langenverhaltnisse der Fleischfasern der Mu&keln in Allgemeinen Berichte uber die Verhandlungen der Kdntglich Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig 3:63–86, 1851.

Глава 16

Мышцы — сгибатели голени

Двуглавая мышца бедра, полусухожильная и полуперепончатая мышцы

«Жертвы сиденья стула»

ОСНОВНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ. Боль, отраженная от миофасциальных триггерных точек (ТТ) в полусухожильной (m. semitendinosus) и полуперепончатой (m. semimembranosus) мышцах концентрируется в нижней части ягодицы и прилежащих отделах бедра. Отсюда боль может распространяться вниз по задневнутренней поверхности бедра и колена к верхней части внутренней поверхности голени. Боль, отраженная от ТТ в нижней половине двуглавой мышцы бедра (m.