Конвергентная культура. Столкновение старых и новых медиа - Генри Дженкинс

Andrew Herman, “Defending Toy Dolls and Maneuvering Toy Soldiers: Trademarks, Consumer Politics and Corporate Accountability on the World Wide Web,“ доклад представлен на форуме MIT Communication Forum, April 12,2001, текст доступен по адресу: http://web. mit.edu/m-i-t/forums/trademark/index_paper.html.

32. “Muggles for Harry Potter to Fight Censorship,“ Ethical Spectacle, April 2000, http://www.spectacle.org/0400/muggle.html. См. также Judy Blume, «Is Harry Potter Evil? «New York Times, October 22,1999, опубликовано no адресу: http://www.ncac.org/cen_news/cn76harrypotter.html.

33. “The Leaky Cauldron, “June 13, 2001, http://www.the-leaky-cauldron. org/MTarchives/000771.html.

34. “Satanic Harry Potter Books Burnt,“ BBC News, December 31, 2001, http://news.bbc.co.Uk/1/hi/entertainmanet/arts/1735623.htm.

35. Chris Mooney, “Muddled Muggles: Conservatives Missing the Magic in Harry Potter,“ American Prospect, July 11, 2000, http://www.prospect.org/ webfeatures/2000/07/mooney-c-07-ll.html. See “TalkBack Live: Do the Harry Potter Books Cast an Evil Spell?“ July 7, 2000, http://transcripts.cnn.com/ TRANSCRIPTS/0007/07/tl.00.html.

36. Phil Armes, Pokemon & Harry Potter: A Fatal Attraction (Oklahoma City: Hearthstone, 2000), p. 84.

37. http://www.cuttingedge.org/news/nl390.cfm.

38. Kathy A. Smith, “Harry Potter: Seduction into the Dark World of the Occult,“ http://www.fillthevoid.org/Entertainment/Harry-Potter-l.html.

39. Berit Kjos, “Harry Potter Book Shares Pre-Sale Frenzy with D & D,“ доступно по адресу: http://www.crossroad.to/text/articles/D&D-text.htm.

40. Berit Kjos, “Twelve Reasons Not to See Harry Potter Movies,“ http:// www.crossroad.to/articles2/HP-Movie.htm.

41. Michael O' Brien, “Some Thoughts on the Harry Potter Series,“ Catholic Educator's Resource Center, http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/ al0071.html.

42. Berit Kjos, “Harry Potter & The Order of the Phoenix: 'It's Only Fantasy' and Other Deceptions,“ http://www.crossroad.to/articles2/phoeniz.htm.

43. Мэри Дана, интервью с автором, сентябрь 2003.

44. “Muggles for Harry Potter.“

45. Кристофер Финнан, личное интервью с автором, апрель 2003.

46. См. http://www.kidspeakonline.org/kissaying.html.

47. Grant McCracken, Plenitude (самиздат, 1998), р. 60.

48. O'Brien, «Some Thoughts.»

49. Connie Neal, What's a Christian to Do with Harry Potter? (Colorado Springs: Waterbook, 2001), pp. 151–152.

50. Denis Haack, «Christian Discernment 101: An Explanation of Discernment,» Ransom Fellowship, http://ransomfellowship.org/D_101.html.

51. Denis Haack, “Christian Discernment 202: Pop Culture: Why Bother?“ Ransom Fellowship, http://ransomfellowship.org/D-202.html.

52. “The Purpose of Fans for Christ,“ Fans for Christ, http://www.fans-forchrist.org/phpBB2/purpose.htm.

53. Denis Haack, “The Scandal of Harry Potter,“ Ransom Fellowship, http:// www.ransomfellowship.org/R_Potter.html.

54. Neal, What's a Christian to Do? pp. 88–90.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ К ГЛАВЕ 6

1. См. http://www.trumpfiresbush.com.

2. http://www.truemajority.org.

3. Гарретт ЛоПорто, личное интервью с автором, октябрь 2004.

4. Joe Trippi, “The Perfect Storm,“ Joetrippi.com/book/view/23.

5. См. другие примеры использования Интернета входе избирательной кампании Дина в Henry Jenkins, «Enter the Cybercandidates,» Technology Review, October 8, 2003.

6. Joe Trippi, The Revolution Will Not Be Televised: Democracy, the Internet, the Overthrow of Everything (New York: Harper Collins, 2004), p. T2.T.

7. Hans Magnus Enzensberger, «Constituents of a Theory of the Media,» в ред. Paul Marris and Sue Thornham, Media Studies: A Reader (New York: New York University Press, 2000), pp. 68–91.

8. Trippi, The Revolution Will Not Be Televised, p. 4.

9. Ibid., p. 107.

10. Ibid., p. 225.

11. Nancy Gibbs, «Blue Truth, Red Truth,» Time, September 27, 2004, pp. 24–34.

12. Jesse Walker,» Old Media and New Media: Like It or Not, They're Partners,» Reason, September 15, 2004, http://www.reason.com/links/ links091504.shtml.

13. Mark Dery, “Culture Jamming: Hacking, Slashing and Sniping in the Empire of Signs,“ Open Magazine Pamphlet Series, 1993, http://web.nwe.ufi. edu/-mlafey/cultjaml.html.

14. Pierre Levy, Collective Intelligence: Mankind's Emerging World in Cyberspace (Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Books, 1997), p. 171.

15. Cm. http://www.back-to-iraq.com/archives/000464.php, где располагается база данных с примерами участия блоггеров в освещении войны в Ираке.

16. Farhad Manjoo,“ Horror Show,“ Salon, May 12,2004, http://www.sa I on. com/tech/feature/2004/05/12/beheading_video/index_np.html.

17. “Blogs Blamed for Exit Poll Fiasco,“ Wired, Novembers, 2004, http:// www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,65589,00.html?tw+wn_tophead_6; Eric Engberg, “Blogging as Typing, Not Journalism,“ CBSnews.com, November 8, 2004, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/ll/08/opinion/main654285. shtml; Mark Glaser,“ Exit Polls Bring Traffic Deluge, Scrutiny to Blogs, Slate,“ USC Annenberg Online Journalism Review, November 5, 2004, http://ojr.org/ ojr/glasser/1099616933.php.

18. Nicholas Confessore, “Bush's Secret Stash: Why the GOP War Chest Is Even Bigger than You Think, “Washington Monthly, May 2004, доступно no ссылке: http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2004/0405.confes-sore.html.

19. Christopher Lydon, “The Master of Meet Up: Scott Heiferman,“ Christopher Lydon Interviews, http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/lydon/2003/10/21.

20. Trippi, The Revolution Will Not Be Televised, p. 91.

21. Cm. http://www.bushin30seconds.org.

22. Corrie Pikul, “The Photoshopping of the President,“ Salon, July 1,2004, http://archive.salon.com/ent/feature/2004/07/01/photoshop/.

23. По поводу того как Фотошоп выступает медиумом, с помощью которого реагируют на 11 сентября см. Dominic Pettman, «How the Web Became a Tool for Popular Propaganda after S11, «Crikey.com.au, February 3,2002, http://www.krikey.com.au/media/2002/02/02-Jihadfordummies.html.

24. Lauren Berlant, The Queen of America Goes to Washington City: Essays on Sex and Citizenship (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1997).

25. Еще одну тематическую дискуссию о гражданстве и потреблении, см. в книге Sarah Banet-Weiser, «'We Pledge Allegiance to Kids': Nickelodeon and Citizenship,» в ред. Heather Hendershot, Nickelodeon Nation: The History, Politics, and Economics of America's Only TV Channel for Kids (New York: NewYork University Press, 2004).

26. http://www.ew.eom/ew/report/0.6115.446852_4_0_.00.html.

27. The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement, “Turnout of Under-25 Voters Up Sharply,“ November 9, 2004, http://www.civicyouth.org/PopUps/Release_1824final.pdf.

28. Walter Benjamin, “The Work of Artin an Age of Mechanical Reproduction,“ доступно по ссылке: http://bid.berkeley.edu/bidclass/readings/benja-min.html.

29. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, “Cable and Internet Loom Large in Fragmented Political News Universe,“January 11,2004, http:// peoplepress.org/reports/display.php37Reportl D=200.

30. Jon Katz, “The Media's War on Kids: From the Beatles to Beavis and Butthead,“ Rolling Stone, February 1994, pp. 31–33, 97.

31. Dannagal Goldthwaite Young, “Daily Show Viewers Knowledgeable about Presidential Campaign, National Annenberg Election Survey Shows,“September 21, 2004, http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/ naes/2004_03_late-night-knowledge-2_9-21 _pr.pdf. См. также Bryan Long,«'Daily Show' Viewers Ace Political Quiz,» CNN, September 29, 2004, http:// www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/TV/09/28/comedy.politics/.

32. Цитаты взяты из официальной текстовой версии выпуска, доступной по ссылке: http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0410/15/ cf.01.html.

33. Michael Schudson, “Click Here for Democracy: A History and Critique of an Information-Based Model of Citizenship,“ в ред. Henryjenkins and David Thorburn, Democracy and New Media (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2003), p. 55.

34. Michael Schudson, «Changing Concepts of Democracy,» MIT Communications