Цель и средства. Политика США в отношении России после «холодной войны» - Джеймс Голдгейер

894

Hoffman D. Russian Premier Pins Bombing on Chechens // Washington Post. — September 16, 1999. — P. A26; и цит. по: В.В. Путин. На войне как на войне // Российская газета. — 1999. — 25 сентября).

895

Горячая хроника: конечная цель — уничтожить бандитов // Российская газета. — 1999. — 6 октября.

896

Kramer M. Civil-Military relations in Russia and the Chechen Conflict. — Policy Memo Series. — No. 99 (Harvard University, Program on New Approaches to Russian Security, December 1999); Trenin D. Chechnya: Effects of the War and prospects of Peace, unpublished manuscript, 2000.

897

Организация «Хьюман Райте Уотч» скрупулезно документировала случаи проявления жестокости во второй чеченской войне, включая казни без суда, бомбардировки деревень и изнасилование чеченских женщин.

898

This figure is cited in: Sarah E. Mendelson. Russia, Chechnya and International Norms: The Power and Paucity of Human Rights, Working Paper. Washington National Council for Eurasian and East European Research. — July 17, 2001. — P. 11.

899

Evangelista. The Chechen War: Will Russia Go the Way of the Soviet Union? — Brookings, 2003. — P. 155. Евангелиста посвящает отдельную главу своей книги анализу нарушений Россией Женевских конвенций.

900

Интервью с Айрин Стивенсон, Алексеем Яблоковым и Сергеем Григорьянцем.

901

Colton T.J. and McFaul M. Reinventing Russia's Party of Power: Unity and the 1999 Duma Election. — Post-Soviet Affairs. — Vol. 16 (Summer 2000). — P. 201-224.

902

О соперничестве этих партий см.: Макфол М., Петров Н. и Рябов А. (сост.) Россия в избирательном цикле 1999-2000 годов. — М.: Московский центр Карнеги, 2000.

903

Huskey E. Political Leadership and the Center-Periphery Struggle: Putin's Administrative Reforms. — In: Article Brown and Lilia Shvetsova, eds. Gorbachev, Yeltsin and Putin: Political Leadership in Russia's Transition. — Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2001. — P. 113-142.

904

For details, see: Lipman M. and McFaul M. 'Managed Democracy' in Russia: Putin and the Press. — Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics. — Vol. 6 (Summer 2001). — P. 117-128; Hoffman. The Oligarchs. — P. 476-485.

905

Interview with John Beyrle.

906

Talbott S. The Russia Hand; A Memoir of Presidential Diplomacy (Random House, 2002). — P. 276-277.

907

Interview with Strobe Talbott.

908

Interview with James Steinberg.

909

Interview with Talbott.

910

См. заключительную главу в: McFaul M. Russia's 1996 Presidential Election: The End of Polarized Politics. — Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1997.

911

See: the chapter on SPS in Michael McFaul, Andrey Ryabov and Nicolay Petrov. Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections. — Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1999.

912

Strobe Talbott, deputy secretary of state, Russia: It's Current Troubles and Its Ongoing transformation, prepared testimony before the House International Relations Committee, 106 Cong. 1 sess. — October 19, 1999. — P. 1.

913

Strobe Talbott, deputy secretary of state. Pursuing U.S. Interests with Russia and with President-Elect Putin, prepared testimony before the Subcommittee on Foreign Operations of the Senate Appropriations Committee, 106 Cong. 2 sess. — April 4, 2000. — P. 6.

914

Корецкий А. Чечня объявила войну США // Сегодня. — 1999. — 24 августа.

915

Ambassador-at-Large Stephen Sestanovich, special adviser to the secretary of state for the new independent states «The Conflict in Chechnya and Its Implications for U.S. Relations with Russia», testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 106 Cong. 1 sess. — November 4, 1999. — P. 2.

916

Powell B. Boris to Bill: Butt Out // Newsweek. — November 29, 1999. -P. 60; Talbott, The Russia Hand. — P. 361-362.

917

Albright M. Clear on Chechnya // Washington Post. — March 8, 2000. — P. A31.

918

Remarks by Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright following statement by acting president Vladimir Putin at Multilateral Steering Committee Group Meeting. Moscow, Russia, State Department Briefing. — February 1, 2000. Reprinted by Federal News Service.

919

Talbott, The Russia Hand. — P. 35-60.

920

Baev P. Will Russia Go for a Military Victory in Chechnya? // Policy Memo Series. — No. 107. — Harvard University, Program on New Approaches to Russian Security. — February 2000. — P. 1.

921

Sestanovich. The Conflict in Chechnya and its Implications for U.S. Relations with Russia. — P. 2-3.

922

Talbott. Pursuing U.S. Interests with Russia and with President-Elect Putin. — P. 6.

923

Albright M. Clear on Chechnya // Washington Post. — March 8, 2000. — P. A31.

924

Talbott, Russia: Its Current Troubles and Its Ongoing Transformations. — P. 2; and Strobe Talbott, acting secretary of state, «Statement on Russian Attack on Grozny, Chechnya», as released by the Office of the Spokesman, Department of State. — October 22, 1999.

925

Talbott, Russia: Its Current Troubles and Its Ongoing Transformations. — P. 2

926

Talbott, deputy secretary of state. Pursuing U.S. Interests with Russia and with President-Elect Putin. — P. 7-8.

927

Albright Warns against Remaking Russia a U.S. Enemy // Agence France- Presse. — November 25, 1999.

928

Bill Clinton, Remembering Yeltsin // Time. — January 1, 2001. — P. 94. Clinton's attitude is discussed at length in: Talbott, The Russia Hand.

929

Interviews with Leon Fuerth and Stephen Sestanovich. See also: Stephen Sestanovich. Where Does Russia Belong? // National Interest. — No. 62 (Winter 2000-2001). — P. 15.

930

Interview with John Beyrle.

931

Office of the Coordinator of the U.S. Assistance to the NIS, U.S. Government Assistance to and Cooperative Activities with the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union: FY 2000 Annual Report. — Department of State. — January 2001. — P. 73-92.

932

McFaul's conversations with Stephen Sestanovich and William Taylor, various interactions (Fall 1999).

933

Interview with a number of U.S. officials.

934

Interview with a number of U.S. officials.

935

Sestanovich. Where Does Russia Belong? — P. 15.

936

Briscoe D. U.S. Gov't Bank to Nix Russia Loans // Associated Press. — December 21, 1999.

937

Interview with Madeleine Albright.

938

Talbott, The Russia Hand. — P. 359; and press statement by Jamie Rubin. — November 12, 1999.

939

Ambassador-at-Large Stephen Sestanovich, special adviser to the secretary of state for the new independent states, «Russia's Election and American Foreign Policy», testimony before Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 106 Cong. 2 sess. — April 12, 2000. — P. 3.

940

Interview with Talbott; Sestanovich, Where Does Russia Belong? — P. 15.

941

Talbott. The Russia Hand. — P. 357.

942

Interview with Beyrle.

943

Prepared statement of Senator Mitch McConnell before Foreign Operations Subcommittee of the Senate.

944

Russia's Road to Corruption. — P. 57-59.

945

Senate resolution 262, 105 Cong. 2 sess. — February 24, 2000.

946

Talbott. Russia: Its Current Troubles and Its Ongoing Transformations. — P. 5.

947

Briscoe. U.S. Gov't Bank to Nix Russia Loans.

948

Interview with George Bush on the Newshour with Jim Lehrer. — February 16, 2000. (www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/election/jan-june00/bush_2-16html). See chap. 13.

949

Brzezinski Z. Why the West Should Care about Chechnya // Wall Street Journal. — November 10, 1999. — P. A22. He made a similar argument in Zbigniew Brzezinski, testimony before Panel // of a Hearing by the Subcommittee of Euro pean Affairs of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 106 Cong. 2 sess. — April 12, 2000.

950

Zbigniew Brzezinski, testimony before Panel // of a Hearing by the Subcommittee of European Affairs.

951

American Committee for Peace in Chechnya, Founding Declaration, sent to McFaul. — February 10, 2000.

952

Zbigniew Brzezinski, testimony before Panel // of a Hearing by the Subcommittee of European Affairs.

953

American Committee for Peace in Chechnya, Founding Declaration.

954

Brzezinski. Why the West Should Care about Chechnya.

955

См.: McFaul M. Indifference to Democracy // Washington Post. — March 3, 2000, and the repose by Albright, Clear on Chechnya.

956

Interview with Talbott.

957

Lieven A. It Is Hypocrisy to Condemn Russia over Chechnya // Independent (London). — December 13, 1999. — P. 5; Lieven A. Through a Distorted Lens: Chechnya and the Western Media // Current History. — Vol. 99. — October 2000. — P. 321-328.

958

Dimitri Simes, from transcript of Jim Lehrer's Newshour. — November 18, 1999. (www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/international/july-dec99/chechnya_l 1-18.html [July 2003]).

959

Ware R.B. The West's Failure to Understand Chechnya // Boston Globe. — October 26, 1999.

960

Interview with Sestanovich.

961

См.: Graham В. Hit to Kill: The New Battle over Shielding America from Missile Attack. — New York: Public Affairs, 2001. — P. 18-19.

962

Interviews with Brent Scowcroft, James Baker, Stephen Hadley, and Dennis Ross; and Graham. Hit to Kill. — P. 20-21.

963

Interviews with Dennis Ross and Stephen Hadley; background briefing by senior administration officials, the Briefing Room, White House, Office of the Press Secretary. — June 16, 1992; and Joint U.S.-Russian Statement on a Global Protection System. — June 17, 1992; U.S. Department of State Dispatch. — Vol. 3. — June 22, 1992.