Медиа-пиратство в развивающихся экономиках - Джо Караганис

BSA/IDC (Business Software Alliance and International Data Corporation). 2003. The Economic Benefits of Reducing PC Software Piracy. Washington, DC: BSA._. 2009. Sixth Annual BSA-IDC Global Software Piracy Study.Washington, DC: BSA. http://global.bsa.org/globalpiracy2008/studies/globalpiracy2008.pdf._. 2010a. The Economic Benefits of Reducing PC Software Piracy.Washington, DC: BSA. http://portal.bsa.org/piracyimpact2010/index.html._. 2010b. 2009 Global Software Piracy Study. Washington, DC: BSA.

CCID Consulting. 2008. «Review and Forecast of China’s DVD Market in 2008.» December 26. http://www. digi-taltvnews.net/content/?p—6125.

Chinese State Intellectual Property Offce. 2009. 2008 Survey on Chinese Software Piracy Rate. http://www.chinaipr. gov.cn/news/government/262954.shtml.

Cisco Systems. 2009. Cisco Visual Networking Index. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11-481360.pdf.

Congressional Budget Offce. 2008. CBO Estimate: S.3325 Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights Act of2008. Washington, DC: CBO.

DiOrio, Carl. 2009. «Hollywood Studios’ Trade Group Faces Leaner Budget.» Hollywood Reporter, February 3.

Drahos, Peter, and John Braithwaite. 2007. Information Feudalism: Who Owns the Knowledge Economy? New York: New Press.

EFF (Electronic Frontier Foundation). 2008. RIAA v. The People: Five Years Later. http://www.eff.org/wp/riaa-v-people-years-later#4.enigmax. 2009. «Pirate Bay Trial Day 8: Pirates Kill the Music Biz.» Torrent Freak (blog), February 25. http:// tor-rentfreak.com/the-pirate-bay-trial-day-8-090225/.

European Audiovisual Observatory. 2001-10. Focus: WorldFilm Market Trends. Annual reports. Paris: Marche du Film.

Felton, Edward. 2010. «Census of Files Available via BitTorrent.» Freedom to Tinker(blog), January 10. http:// www.freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/felten/census-fles-available-bittorrent.

Funarte. 2009. Cultura em Numeros. Brazil Ministry of Culture.

GAO (US Government Accountability Offce). 2010. Intellectual Property: Observations on Efforts to Quantify the Economic Effects of Counterfeit and Pirated Goods.GAO-10-423. Washington, DC: GAO. http://www.gao.gov/new.items/ d10423.pdf.

Goldstein, Paul. 1994. Copyright’s Highway: From Gutenberg to the Celestial Jukebox. New York: Hill and Wang.

Ghazi, Koroush. 2009. «PC Game Piracy Examined.» TweakGuides,June. Accessed August 15, 2009. http://www. tweakguides.com/Piracy_1.html.

Grice, Corey and Sandeep Junnarkar. 1998. «Gates, Buffett a Bit Bearish.» CNET News,July 2. http://news.cnet. com/2100-1023-212942.html.

Hachman, Mark. 2010. «CSI Redmond: How Microsoft Tracks Down Pirates.» PCMag.com,April 26. http:// www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2363041,00.asp.

Huygen, Annelies et al. 2009. «Ups and Downs: Economic and Cultural Effects of File Sharing on Music, Film and Games.» TNO-rapport, February 18, TNO Information and Communication Technology, Delft.

Hu, Jim. 2002. «Music Sales Dip; Net Seen as Culprit.» CNET News,April 16. http://news.cnet.com/Music-sales-dip-Net-seen-as-culprit/2100-1023_3-883761.html?tag — mncol;txt.

IDC (International Data Corporation). 2009. Aid to Recovery: The Economic Impact of IT, Software, and the Microsoft Ecosystem on the Economy. Framingham, MA: IDC.

IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry). 2001. IFPI Music Piracy Report. London: IFPI._. 2006. The Recording Industry 2006Piracy Report: Protecting Creativity in Music. London: IFPI._. 2009. Digital Music Report 2009. London: IFPI.

IIPA (International Intellectual Property Alliance). 2010a. 2010 Special 301 Report on Copyright Protection and Enforcement: India. Washington, DC: IIPA._. Indonesia: 2010 Special 301 Report on Copyright Protection and Enforcement.Washington, DC: IIPA. http://www.iipa.com/rbc/2010/2010SPEC301 INDONESIA.pdf.

ISFE (Interactive Software Federation of Europe). 2009. «The Economics of Gaming.» http://www.isfe-eu.org/ in-dex.php?PHPSESSID — d4f6r9d0oap3sdeulekc4ore92&oidit — T001:8ca835a1574ad46296a34393b4 e28c57.

Johns, Adrian. 2010. Piracy: The Intellectual Property Wars from Gutenberg to Gates. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Karaganis, Joe, and Robert Latham. 2005. The Politics of Open Source Adoption.Social Science Research Council, New York. http://wikis.ssrc.org/posa/index.php/Main Page.

Katz, Ariel. 2005. «A Network Effects Perspective on Software Piracy.» University of Toronto Law Journal 55.

Kirkpatrick, David. 2007. «How Microsoft Conquered China.» Fortune,July 17. http://money.cnn.com/ maga-zines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/07/23/100134488/.

Kohi-Khandekar, Vanita. 2010. The Indian Media Business. Delhi: Sage Publications.

Kramer, Staci D. 2002. «Content’s King.» Cable World, April 29.

Lamer, Paul. 2006. «What’s On Your iPod?» Duke Listens!(blog), May 22. http://blogs.sun.com/plamere/entry/ what_s_on_your_ipod.

Larkin, Brian. 2004. «Degraded Images, Distorted Sounds: Nigerian Video and the Infrastructure of Piracy.» Public Culture 16:289–314.

Liebowitz, Stan J. 2004. «The Elusive Symbiosis: The Impact of Radio on the Record Industry.» Review of Economic Research on Copyright Issues 1(1). Accessed February 26, 2010. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers. cfm?abstract_id—1146196.

Linden, Greg. 2004. «China Standard Time: A Study in Strategic Industrial Policy.» Business and Politics 6.

Lohr, Steve. 2004. «Software Group Enters Fray Over Proposed Piracy Law.» New York Times,July 19. http:// www.nytimes.com/2004/07/19/technology/19piracy.html.

Madden, Mary, and Lee Rainie. 2005. «Music and Video Downloading Moves Beyond P2P.» Project memo, March, Pew Internet and American Life Project, Washington, DC. http: //www. p ewinternet. or g/~/media// Files/Reports/2005/PIP_Filesharing_March05.pdf.pdf.

Manuel, Peter Lamarche. 1993. Cassette Culture: Popular Music and Technology in North India. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Masnick, Mike. 2009. «Proftable ‘Pay Us Or We’ll Sue You For File Sharing’ Scheme About To Send 30,000 More Letters.» Techdirt,November 25. http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20091125/1047377088.shtml.

McIllwain, Jeffrey. 2005. «Intellectual Property Theft and Organized Crime: The Case of Film Piracy.» Trends in Organized Crime 8:15–39.

Mondok, Matt. 2007. «Microsoft Executive: Pirating Software? Choose Microsoft!» Ars Technica, March 12. http:// ars-technica.com/microsoft/news/2007/03/microsoft-executive-pirating-software-choose-microsoft.ars.

MPAA (Motion Picture Association of America). 2005. The Cost of Movie Piracy. Washington, DC: MPAA._. 2006. U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics. Washington, DC: MPAA._. 2009. Theatrical Market Statistics. Washington, DC: MPAA. http://www.mpaa.org/2008%20

MPAA%20Theatrical%20Market%20Statistics.pdf.

Mukasey, Michael. 2008. Speech at the Tech Museum of Innovation, San Jose, CA, March 28.

Nintendo. 2009. Nintendo Anti-Piracy Training Manual. Nintendo Anti-Piracy Program. ap.nintendo.com/_pdf/ Nin-tendo_Antipiracy_Training_Manual.pdf.

Noble, Ronald K. 2003. «The Links Between Intellectual Property Crime and Terrorist Financing.» Statement of the secretary general of Interpol to the US House Committee on International Relations, 108th Cong., July 16. http://www.interpol.int/public/ICPO/speeches/SG20030716.asp.

Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Koleman Strumpf. 2007. «The Effect of File Sharing on Record Sales: An Empirical Analysis.» Journal of Political Economy 115:1-42._. 2009. «File-Sharing and Copyright.» Working Paper 09-132, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA.

OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2007. The Economic Impact of Counterfeiting and Piracy.Paris: OECD. http://www.oecd.org/document/4/0,3343,en 2649 33703 40876868 1 1 1 1,00. html._. 2009. Piracy of Digital Content.Paris: OECD. http://www.oecd.org/document/35/0,3343,en_2649_34223_43394531_1_1_1_1,00.html.

O’Reilly, Tim. 2002. «Software Choice vs. Sincere Choice.» O’Reilly on Lamp.com, September 27. http://www. oreil-lynet.com/pub/wlg/2066.

Peitz, M., and P. Waelbroeck. 2006. «Why the Music Industry May Gain from Free Downloading: The Role of Sampling.» International Journal of Industrial Organization 24:907-13.

Piracy Is Not A Crime.com. 2006. «Terrorist Involvement.» http://www.piracyisnotacrime.com/stats-terror. php.

Reuters. 2007. «Piracy Worked for Us, Romania President Tells Gates.» Washington Post, February 1.

RIAA (Recording Industry of America). 2010. «Piracy: Online and on the Street.» http://www.riaa.com/ physicalpi-racy.php.

Rose, Mark. 1993. Authors and Owners: The Invention of Copyright. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Samuelson, Pamela, and Tara Wheatland. 2009. «Statutory Damages in Copyright Law: A Remedy in Need of Reform.» William & Mary Law Review.

Sanchez, Julian. 2008. «750,000 Lost Jobs? The Dodgy Digits Behind the War on Piracy.» Ars Technica. http:// ars-technica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/10/dodgy-digits-behind-the-war-on-piracy.ars.

Sandoval, Greg. 2009. «Q&A: A Front-Row Seat for Media’s Meltdown.» CNET News,October 27. http://news. cnet.com/8301-31001_3-10383572-261.html.

2010. «Biden to File Sharers: ‘Piracy Is Theft.’» CNET News,June 22. http://news.cnet.com/8301-31001_3-20008432-261.html.

Schulze, Hendrik, and Klaus Mochalski. 2009. Internet Study 2008/2009. Leipzig: ipoque.

Sherman, Cary. 2003. Statement of the RIAA president and general counsel before the US Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 108th Cong., September 9. http://judiciary.senate.gov/hearings/testimony.cfm?id—902&wit id—2562.

Siwek, Stephen. 2006. The True Cost of Motion Picture Piracy to the U.S. Economy. Lewisville, TX: Institute for Policy Innovation._. 2007a. The True Cost of Sound Recording Piracy to the U.S. Economy. Lewisville, TX: Institute for Policy

Innovation._. 2007b. The True Cost of Copyright Industry Piracy to the U.S. Economy. Lewisville, TX: Institute for Policy

Innovation._. 2009. Copyright Industries in the US Economy. Washington, DC: IIPA._. 2010. Video Games in the 21st Century: The 2010 Report. Washington, DC: Entertainment Software

Association.

Smith, Michael, and Rahul Telang. 2009. «Competing with Free: The Impact of Movie Broadbases on DVD Sales and Internet Piracy.» MIS Quarterly 33:321-38.

Squire, Jason E. 2004. The Movie Business Book. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Sundaram, Ravi. 2007. «Other Networks: Media Urbanism and the Culture of the Copy in South Asia.» In Structures of Participation in Digital Culture, edited by Joe Karaganis. New York: Social Science Research Council.

Thallam, Satya. 2008. The 2008 International Property Rights Index. Washington, DC: Property Rights Alliance.

Treverton, Gregory F. et al. 2009. Film Piracy, Organized Crime, and Terrorism. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.

UNODC (United Nations Offce on Drugs and Crime). 2009. «The Eleventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems: 2007–2008.» http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/crime_survey_eleventh.html.

USIBC (U.S.-India Business Council)/Ernst & Young. 2008. The Effects of Counterfeiting and Piracy on India’s Entertainment Industry. Washington, DC: USIBC.

Valenti, Jack. 1982. Testimony of the MPAA president to the US House Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties, and the Administration of Justice, 97th Cong., April 12. http://cryptome.org/ hrcw-hear.htm.

Vance, Ashlee. 2010. «Chasing Pirates: Inside Microsoft’s War Room.» New York Times,November 11. http:// www.nytimes.com/2010/11/07/technology/07piracy.html.

Varian, H. 2004. Copying and Copyright. Berkeley: University of California.

Vershinen, Alexander. 2008. «Vzyali na ispoug.» Smart Money/Vedomasti,February 18. http://www.vedomosti.ru/ smartmoney/article/2008/02/18/4937.

Walt Disney Company. 2010. Fiscal Year 2009 Annual Financial Report and Shareholder Letter. http://amedia.disney. go.com/investorrelations/annual_reports/WDC-10kwrap-2009.pdf.

Wang, Shujen. 2003. Framing Piracy: Globalization and Film Distribution in Greater China. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Little-feld.

WAN-IFRA (World Association ofNewspapers and News Publishers). 2008. World Digital Media Trends. Darmstadt: WAN-IFRA.

Willson, Kate. 2009. «Terrorism and Tobacco.» Tobacco Underground,June 28. http://www.publicintegrity.org/ investigations/tobacco/articles/entry/1441/.

Woodmansee, Martha, and Peter Jaszi. 1993. The Construction of Authorship: Textual Appropriation in Law and Literature. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Wu, Jia. 2010. Global Video Game Market Forecast. Boston: Strategy Analytics.

Zentner, Alejandro. 2006. «Measuring the Effect of File Sharing on Music Purchases.» Journal of Law & Economics 49:63–90.

Zhang, Mia. 2008. «Internet Traffc Classifcation.» Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis. http://www.caida.org/research/traffc-analysis/classifcation-overview/#discussion.

Глава 2: Сетевое управление и USTR

Политика в сфере интеллектуальной собственности (IP) и связанного с ней принуждения когда-то была достаточно узкой областью права и проводилась на практике горсткой правительственных учреждений. Ведомства по авторским правами и патентам играли какую-то роль, как играла таможня и смесь из государственных и муниципальных органов полиции, нацеленных на коммерческих нарушителей. Основные обязанности устанавливались посредством внутреннего законодательства и регулировались — на международном уровне — посредством добровольных конвенций под руководством Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (ВОИС).