Отрицание смерти - Эрнест Беккер

Death (New York: McGraw- Hill, 1959), Chapter 6; G. Rochlin, Griefs and Discontents (Boston: Little, Brown, 1967), p. 67.

8. J. Bowlby, Maternal Care and Mental Health (Geneva: World Health Organization, 1952), p. 11.

9. Ср. Waller Tietz, “School Phobia and the Fear of Death,” Mental Hygiene, 1970, 54:565–568.

10. J. C. Rheingold, The Mother, Anxiety and Death: The Catastrophic Death Complex (Boston: Little, Brown, 1967).

11. A. J. Levin, “The Fiction of the Death Instinct,” Psychiatric Quarterly, 1951, 25:257–281.

12. J. C. Moloney, The Magic Cloak: A Contribution to the Psychology of Authoritarianism (Wakefield, Mass.: Montrose Press, 1949), p. 217; H. Marcuse, “The Ideology of Death,” in Feifel, Meaning of Death, Chapter 5.

13. LAD, p. 270.

14. G. Murphy, “Discussion,” in Feifel, The Meaning of Death, p. 320.

15. James, Varieties, p. 121.

16. Choron, Death, p. 17.

17. Ibid., p. 272.

18. G. Zilboorg “Fear of Death,” Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 1943, 12: 465–475. См. прекрасное техническое различие, данное Эйслером между страхом смерти и ужасом перед ней в его сборнике эссе, снабженное многогранным обсуждением: K. R. Eissler, The Psychiatrist and the Dying Patient. (New York: International Universities Press, 1955), p. 277.

19. Zilboorg “Fear of Death,” pp. 465–467.

20. James, Varieties, p. 121.

21. Zilboorg, “Fear of Death,” p. 467, Или, вслед за Эйслером, мы можем более точно выразить «страх уничтожения», который эго расширяет до осознания смерти. См. The Psychiatrist and the Dying Patient, p. 267.

22. Ibid.

23. Ibid., p. 468–471.

24. Ср. Shaler, The Individual.

25. C. W. Wahl, “The Fear of Death,” in Feifel, pp. 24–25.

26. Ср. Moloney, The Magic Cloak, p. 117.

27. Wahl, “Fear of Death,” p. 25–26.

28. In Choron, Death, p. 100.

29. Ср, например, I. E. Alexander et al., “Is Death a Matter of Indifference?” Journal of Psychology, 1957, 43:277–283; I. M. Greenberg and I. E. Alexander, “Some Correlates of Thoughts and Feelings Concerning Death,” Hillside Hospital Journal, 1962, No. 2:120–126; S. I. Golding et al, “Anxiety and Two Cognitive Forms of Resistance to the Idea of Death,” Psychological Reports, 1966, 18:359–364.

30. L. J. Saul, “Inner Sustainment,” Psycholoanalytic Quarterly, 1970, 39:215–222.

31. Wahl, “Fear of Death,” p. 26.

Глава 3

1. Erich Fromm, The Heart of Man: Its Genius for Good and Evil (New York: Harper and Row, 1964), pp. 116–117.

2. Erich Fromm, The Sane Society (New York: Fawcett Books, 1955), p. 34.

3. LAD.

4. Ср. Lord Raglan, Jocasta’s Crime: An Anthropological Study (London: Methuen, 1933), Chapter 17.

5. LAD, p. 186.

6. Ibid., p. 189.

7. Ibid., pp. 186–187.

8. E. Straus, On Obsession, A Clinical and Methodological Study (New York: Nervous and Mental Disease Monographs, 1948), No. 73.

9. Ibid., pp. 41, 44.

10. Freud, Civilization and its Discontents, 1930 (London: The Hogarth Press, 1969 edition), p. 43.

11. LAD, p. 118

12. Ibid., p. 120.

13. Sandor Ferenczi, Find Contributions to the Problems and Methods of Psycho-analysis (London: The Hogarth Press, 1955), p. 68.

14. PS, p. 38.

15. LAD, p. 124.

16. Ibid., p. 123.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid., p. 128.

19. Ibid., p. 127.

20. ME.

21. Freud, A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis (New York: Garden City Publishing Co., 1943), p. 324.

22. Geza Roheim, Psychoanalysis and Anthropology (New York: International Universities Press, 1950), pp. 138–139.

23. Ferenczi, Final Contributions, pp. 65–66.

24. Ролло Мэй недавно возродил ранкианскую точку зрения на это; см. его превосходное обсуждение “Любви и смерти” в Love and Will (New York: Norton, 1971).

25. ME, p. 52.

26. Ibid., p. 53.

27. LAD, pp. 127–128.

Глава 4

1. Ortega, The Revolt of the Masses (New York: Norton, 1957), pp. 156–157.

2. E. Becker, The Structure of Evil: An Essay on the Unification of the Science of Man (New York: Braziller, 1968), p. 192.

3. См. две его хороших статьи, “The Need to Know and the Fear of Know ing” Journal of General Psychology, 1963, 68:111–125; и “Neurosis as a Failure of Personal Growth,” Humanitas, 1967, 3:153–169.

4. Maslow, “Neurosis as a Failure,” p. 163.

5. Ibid., pp. 165–166.

6. Rudolf Otto, The Idea of the Holy, 1923 (New York: Galaxy Books, 1958).

7. Maslow, “The Need to Know,” p. 119.

8. Ibid., pp. 118–119.

9. Ср. Freud, The Future of an Illusion, 1927 (New York: Anchor Books Edition, 1964), Chapters 3 и 4.

10. Freud, The Problem of Anxiety, 1926 (New York: Norton, 1936), p. 67.

11. Сравните также продолжение взглядов Хайдеггера в современной экзистенциальной психиатрии: Medard Boss, Meaning and Content of Sexual Perver sions: A Daseinanalytic Approach to the Psychopathology of the Phenomenon of Love (New York: Grune and Stratton, 1949), p. 46.

12. F. Peris, Gestalt Therapy Verbatim (Lafayette, Calif.: Real People Press, 1969), pp. 55–56.

13. A. Angyal, Neurosis and Treatment: A Holistic Theory (New York: Wiley, 1965), p. 260.

14. Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being, second edition (Princeton: Insight Books, 1968), Chapter 8.

15. LAD.

16. ME, p. 13.

17. Harold F. Searles, “Schizophrenia and the Inevitability of Death,” Psychiatric Quarterly, 1961, 35:633–634.

18. Traherne, Centuries, C.1672 (London, Faith Press edition, 1963), pp. 109–115.

19. Marcia Lee Anderson, “Diagnosis,” Цит по. Searles, “Schizophrenia,” p. 639.

20. LAD, p. 291.

Глава 5

1. Kierkegaard, Journal, May 12th, 1839.

2. O. H. Mowrer, Learning Theory and Personality Dynamics (New York: Ronald Press, 1950), p. 541.

3. Ср. особенно Rollo May, The Meaning of Anxiety (New York: Ronald Press, 1950); Libuse Lukas Miller, In Search of the Self: The Individual in the Thought of Kierkegaard (Philadelphia: Muh lenberg Press, 1962).

4. Kierkegaard, The Concept of Dread, 1844 (Princeton: University Press edition, 1957, translated by Walter Lowrie), p. 41.

5. Ibid., p. 38.

6. Ibid., p. 39.

7. Ibid., p. 139.

8. Ibid., p. 40.

9. Ibid., p. 140.

10. Kierkegaard, The Sickness Unto Death, 1849 (Anchor edition, 1954, вместе с Fear and Trembling, translated by Walter Lowrie), p. 181.

11. Kierkegaard, Dread, p. 110.

12. Ibid., p. 124.

13. Ibid., pp. 112–113.

14. Ibid.

15. Ibid., pp. 114–115.

16. Ibid., pp. 115–116

17. Ср. Miller, In Search of the Self, pp. 265–276.

18. Kierkegaard, Sickness, pp. 184–187.

19. Ibid., pp. 174–175.

20. Ibid.

21. Ibid., p. 162.

22. Ср. E. Becker, The Revolution in Psychiatry (New York: Free Press, 1964); и глава 10 этой книги.

23. Kierkegaard, Sickness, p. 163.

24. Ibid., pp. 164, 165, 169.

25. Ibid., pp. 169–170.

26. Ibid.

27. Ibid., p. 165.

28. Becker, The Revolution in Psychiatry.

29. Kierkegaard, Sickness, pp. 166–167.

30. Ibid., pp. 170–172.

31. Ibid., p. 172.

32. Ibid., p. 173.

33. Ibid., pp. 174–175.

34. Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, p. 81.

35. Kierkegaard, Sickness, p. 196.

36. Ibid., p. 198.

37. Ibid., p. 399.

38. Ibid., p. 156.

39. Ср. Miller, In Search of the Self, pp. 312–313.